Conditions
Leptomeningeal Disease
Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is a serious condition where cancer cells spread to the thin membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, called the leptomeninges,…
Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome
Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS) is a severe and rare form of childhood epilepsy that typically begins between ages 3 and 5. It involves multiple types…
Leiomyosarcoma
Leiomyosarcoma is a rare type of cancer that starts in the body's smooth muscle tissue. These muscles are found in many organs, like the…
Leigh Syndrome
Leigh syndrome is a rare, severe genetic disorder that primarily affects the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord. It is a…
Legionnaires’ Disease
Legionnaires' disease is a serious type of lung infection (pneumonia) caused by *Legionella* bacteria. People get it by breathing in tiny water droplets (aerosols)…
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a condition where the wall of the heart's main pumping chamber, the left ventricle, becomes abnormally thick. This thickening…
Left Anterior Fascicular Block
Left anterior fascicular block (LAFB) is a common heart condition where electrical signals are delayed or blocked as they travel through a specific part…
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) is a form of type 1 diabetes that develops slowly in adults, often mistaken for type 2 diabetes.…
Laryngomalacia
Laryngomalacia is a common condition in infants where soft, floppy tissue in the voice box (larynx) temporarily collapses into the airway when breathing in.…
Ischemic Colitis
Ischemic colitis occurs when blood flow to a part of your large intestine (colon) temporarily decreases, causing inflammation and injury. This condition can range…
Invasive Lobular Carcinoma
Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the second most common type of invasive breast cancer, accounting for about 1 in 10 to 1 in 7…
Invasive Candidiasis
Invasive candidiasis is a serious fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of *Candida* yeast, which normally lives harmlessly on your skin and inside your…
Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is a type of growth that forms in the ducts of the pancreas, an organ behind your stomach. These…
Infantile Spasms
Infantile spasms are a rare and serious form of epilepsy that affects babies, usually starting in their first year of life. These seizures involve…
Inclusion Body Myositis
Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is a rare, progressive muscle disease that causes weakness and wasting of muscles, primarily affecting adults over 50. It belongs…
Immune Thrombocytopenia
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a bleeding disorder where your body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys its own platelets. Platelets are tiny blood cells…
Ichthyosis Vulgaris
Ichthyosis vulgaris is a common, inherited skin condition where your skin does not shed old cells normally. This leads to dry, scaly patches, often…
Hypotonia in Babies
Hypotonia, often called "floppy baby syndrome," is a condition where a baby has abnormally low muscle tone. This means their muscles are relaxed and…
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS) is a rare and serious heart defect present at birth (congenital heart defect) where the left side of the…
Hypophosphatasia
Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare genetic disorder that affects how your bones and teeth develop and strengthen. It causes problems with bone mineralization, meaning…
Hypertensive Heart Disease
Hypertensive heart disease is a group of heart conditions caused by long-term high blood pressure (hypertension). It makes your heart work harder to pump…
Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State
Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS) is a serious, life-threatening complication of type 2 diabetes. It occurs when your blood sugar levels become extremely high, leading…
Hyperinflated Lungs
Hyperinflated lungs occur when your lungs hold too much air, often due to air getting trapped inside. This is not a disease itself but…
Hunter Syndrome
Hunter Syndrome is a rare, inherited genetic condition that primarily affects males. It occurs when the body lacks a specific enzyme needed to break…